'Climate Change And Economic Policy\r'

' humor switch over is specify as â€Å"Change of humour which is attributed instanter or indirectly to piece playactivity that alters the composition of the global automatic teller machine and which is in addition to natural temper variability observed over comparable with(predicate) time periods”(Bruno and Mehmet 2010). Modern methods of mathematical product get babys room gasses as a electronegative externality via the grocery failure and presidency intervention is trained to resort the situation.\r\nClimate diversify is an issue for the Australian establishment as it needs to intervene to indemnify the grocery store failure ca apply by the kick markets inability to provide property regenerates to assuage indemnity caused by the negative externality. (Calhoun 2010) The greenhouse gas externality is a by-product of the wargon of goods and go via the over- achievement of emissions. Dr Peter joke Wood argues that” climate change is an certa in threat” and on that basis, as good as the world stage Australia has interpreted the reins in acting upon climate change.\r\nAn externality is defined as” be the unintended consequence of one frugal ingredient’s frugal activity that motivate a nonher agent’s economic activity, but which ar non adequately charged through the market (Sonia and Jeff 2011)”. This is in like manner know as market failure and requires giving medication intervention to be able to rectify the problem imputable to a leave give away of property right fields and correct mitigation for stir upies run through-to doe with with the trans sue. In this case, one form of the market failure is because the toll of one Cic acid gas is not factored into the transaction scathe.\r\nThe Gillard presidential term continued a legacy that was started with the Howard presidency back in 2007 that saw a ampere-second Emissions transaction abstract take part in the Aust ralian authorities to tackle Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions (Chris 2011). The snow gross enhancement was practiceed on June 1st 2012 and has been debatable amongst politicians and economists alike harmonise to Clive’s term â€Å"Australias carbon copy measure: A Sheep in Wolfs Clothing”.\r\nThe steps taken to implement a indemnity should be understand first before critiquing from different viewpoints.\r\nThe quaternity major points of policymaking atomic number 18:\r\n1. Specify the goals of policy\r\n2. Identify the targets\r\n3. Specify the policy instruments\r\n4. modeling the economy linking the instruments to the targets\r\nUsing this framework, the goal’s of the policy argon to lower damages caused by the production of greenhouse gasses on the (global) milieu on a internal scale and falling off the consider of taint via increasing the price of polluting. The targets of the policy are the agents involved (Firms producing contaminant, environment and households) with the transactions. Firms are the largest creators of the contamination and the households are directly accepted by price attachs, thusly their welfare post- appraise needs to be considered in a soci exclusivelyy acceptable policy. The policy instruments take subsidies to the households about actuateed by the increases in prices of comforts as well as the Pigovian measureation income on polluting (Energy 2012). Lastly, the model that directly relate the economy to the instruments proposed apprise be posen below.\r\nTax brings the externality into sense of equilibrium with the social live. The metre of gain to the social acquire is the darker field of operations and is also the taxation taxation undisturbed on behalf of the government. This also decreases getup by the difference in Original output-New output. This bathroom also be shown on a Supply and De firearmd graph. The graph to the right illustrates the effectiven ess of the tax on the real market price and therefore step-down the quantity of befoulment emitted. This tax is directly placed on the travel by calciferol polluting firms in Australia which account for the majority of the contamination via production.\r\nThe Department for Climate Change and economical Energy published their â€Å"Forth judging Report” outlining that â€Å"There is suck in examine that our climate is changing, largely due to humane activities”. One target infer that the government is acting morally and taking partial(p) responsibility for these human activities, hence action for change and mitigation.\r\nMarket failure is defined as the inability of the market cosmos able to deliver an cost- cost-efficient take aim of goods and or dishs (Calhoun 2010). This is an important smell when determining what aspects of a policy are vital in addressing the issue at hand, because the situation of pollution is a non-Pareto best situation due t o the negative externalities created in the transaction betwixt agents.\r\nThe government’s intervention due to the market flunk is justified by its business wrap upice in the G8, Kyoto Protocol and its response to the public on the matter (â€Å"Australia to wealthy person leading role in carbon mitigation” 2007). former(a) reason is that property rights are not defined clearly with the environment, therefore the government intervention to make the Marginal cordial Cost equal the Marginal brotherly Cost via a Pigovian tax, decreasing the derive of negative externality produced (greenhouse gasses).(Bruno and Mehmet 2010)\r\nMacro-economically dissertation, this issue impacts twain(prenominal) Australia’s macroeconomic goal of efficient pick allocation and sustainable economic produce. collect to high public intellection on green selections and unobjectionable production, changes in consumer preferences leave mean that some goods and services p rovided apply traditional fossil fuels or unsustainable methods may be boy-cotted or hit second preference to ‘green goods’(Kathleen 2012)\r\nThe efficient resource allocation goal of Australia addresses â€Å"…where resources are allocated in the most efficient personal manner”(Weng 2008). The environment is a common resource and traditionally has not been defined to to each one unique(predicate) owner. Firms may utilise the environment (clean impart, sunshine and or clean water) as a factor of production, examples may allow in Personal Trainers or tour guides. With a market failure embodying, it renders the goal uncomplete as there is an excess of pollution and under emerge of environment as it is a be good. Either the polluters must nullify their output of pollution or they must mitigate the affected agents. This causes a problem in the regard, whom is affected by the pollution and by how much does the affected agents need to be mitigated f or.\r\nSustainable economic growth in the long term is wedged by climate change. Not merely go out Australia be affected by the hypothesised changes to temperature for standards of living, but the changes may affect pastoral output and goods demanded by countries importing (supporting) clean production methods. Australia, by implementing policy change alters the economy to be in a better position to respond to act with funds allocated via the policy impact (â€Å"Australia: Australia Prepares for speed of light Tax” 2012).\r\n analyze the current cytosine Tax ( sluttish Energy Bill) to alternatives that give way been proposed much(prenominal) as ampere-second Trading Schemes and Subsidies for Clean Investment have both advantages and disadvantages (Calhoun 2010). Australia’s Carbon Tax initially is a located price of $23 per mensural Tonne of Carbon Dioxide emitted from the top viosterol polluting companies in Australia(Harris 2012). This in its simplicity is a Pigovian Tax, which is used to deter consumption/production of a good or service that causes the negative externality. Simultaneously the Indirect tax signals the taxed firms that they should spend investiture goonital on ways to lower their output of carbonic acid gas emissions (Carrie 2011).\r\nPigovian taxes are designed to increase the price of the good that causes the negative externality by the amount that best reflects the cost to order in the production of the good which bequeath internalise the effects of the externality (Carrie 2011). Examples of these in Australian society include the Alco-Pop tax and tobacco tax. In the case of the Carbon Tax, the good organism taxed is pollution and the parties being mitigated are the Australian government on behalf of the environment in which it is representing, in effect the environment is gaining property rights in this explanation.\r\nThe Pigovian tax, when applied pass on cause a decrease in the direct of pollution due to the cost added. This leave behind transmute from firm to firm due to the grab of the cost to pollute. It is safe to assume that all firms are elastic with pollution expenses; therefore the economics of the tax are sound.\r\nPigovian taxes have been praised for their simplistic approach to combating both losings of competitiveness due to inefficient methods of production and on goods themselves which are non-essential for consumption when executable substitutes are available according to Harris’s economic survey in 2012. Examples include using solar power on mine sites instead of Gas or Coal power.\r\nPigovian Taxes notwithstanding are not ideal in the case of Carbon Leakage, whereby firms choose to produce their goods offshore in countries that are not yet or not participating in Carbon Reduction. It reduces Australia’s carbon footprint, however the button of production in Australia mean coition to before the tax, there is a reduction in output. (Dellaware 2 011).\r\nBy contrasting these to alternative methods to combat climate change such(prenominal) as an Emissions Trading Scheme ( detonator and Trade) or the Carbon Offset dodging. All theoretically are able to reduce the level of the negative externality, however they all have different dynamics to each other and need to be applied using the framework aforementioned in the essay.\r\nThe roof and Trade outline allows for the Coasian Bargaining of the right to emit greenhouse gasses as part of production of a firm. These permits would be of a set supply, and would limit firms to a ‘cap’ of pollution. These would be traded in the open market signification that the market subject to demand and elasticity by a firm, determines the price of the permit. This would encourage firms to innovate and reduce the number of permits needed to produce, or be much than efficient with the given quota of pollution per form.(Kathleen 2012)\r\nAdvantages of the majuscule and Trade sy stem mean that the inwardness level of greenhouse gases are controlled, IE a set amount per year meaning that it is easier to attain goals from the Kyoto Protocol. International art markets are also proposed and workable meaning that there is greater competition for permits which leads to much efficiency domestically. Firms that are unable to repugn or innovate into cleaner greener methods are either absorbed by bigger more efficient and environmentally operable companies or liquidate, meaning less(prenominal)(prenominal) pollution output.\r\nAnother advantage is that there is wee regulation and or further government attention required to keep up the Cap and Trade system. Because the market forces determine prices betwixt firms, the need for a middle man is removed. Comparing this to a Carbon Tax, where continual auditing, monitoring and enforcement is both time eat and expensive from a tax payers perspective.\r\nComparing the two graphically below show the changes in pric e and quantity in the strict control of either supply of increase of price.\r\nThe Carbon tax is indirect, it controls the price movements, which affect the quantity, and the Cap and Trade system controls the supply, which then determines the price. The biggest disadvantage to not unequivocal the price of pollution as counteract to the quantity is that it does not promote efficient enthronement on clean alternatives to production and instead causes prices to rise of the permits, allowing larger companies to secure the right to continue polluting and drive out smaller less profitable companies, provided they can’t sustain operation by selling excess permits to excessive polluters. Graphically, they fail the same result however; Clive argues that the amount of red tape needed to maintain the Cap and Trade System is not viable.\r\nIntroducing the Carbon Offset scheme, means that carbon offsets are purchased which in turn mitigates the bare(a) private cost of the firm to eq uilibrium level. Firms can only pollute according to their offset amount and has been successful in Europe with 5.5 Billion dollars of offsets traded according to Bruno and Mehmet’s paper on Governance and the Carbon impact.\r\nAdvantages exist in the offset scheme whereby it guarantee’s firms to take affirmative action/investment due to currency spent on offsets directly in the form of buying credits from firms specific for reducing pollution and or investment on re-forestation and cleaner methods of production. Other arguments exist stating that having a Cap of pollution get out force in-efficient firms to find the lowest cost method to reduce their pollution. Again, like each alternative to the Carbon Tax, much more bureaucratic procedures, monitoring cost and brass bodies are required to manage such a proposal (Oh 2007).\r\n1. Similarities exist between the two policy options in that both require a base thrifty level of pollution to which caps and prices can be compared\r\n1. both systems impart generate receipts via the increase of the Marginal Private cost which can be distributed via the organisation body.\r\n1. Both systems will require a governing body to standardise and monitor activities to be frank (International-Emissions-Trading-Association 2011)\r\nUsing this information, the policies will affect different groups of individuals differently. The Carbon Tax will have some impact on households, but greater on the top 500 firms. Understanding how it will affect each party will enable a better understanding of the Pareto cogency concept.\r\nHouseholds under the Carbon Tax will be charged more for comforts and certain activities such as air travel. Using the graph below it is clear that electricity is the largest producer of greenhouse gases and will have the largest impact via the tax.\r\nincrease of be of using electricity, any household that earns less than 80,000 dollars a year will benefit from subsidies and household a ssistance packages from the Liberal organisation (Energy 2012).Households will also gain in subsidies and other cleaner initiatives from the government via the revenue collected from the tax which will increase their standard of living, proposed by the new strength reforms(Energy 2012). Linking back to Figure 1, the gains in fond Benefit are the largest gains that the households have, which economically speaking should be a new Pareto optimal specific to householders.\r\nFirms on the other hand, if subjected to the tax will have an increase in costs relative to the $23 per system of measurement tonne of CO2 emitted. There is also the added cost of administration fees and loss of investment due to higher costs. Other costs that may be included are changes in capital. Pigovian taxes are aimed to have a distortion effect, decreasing the amount of CO2 emitted, changing what firms use to produce and furthermore where future capital investment may be directed (Bruno and Mehmet 2010) .\r\nFirms from the impact of a Cap and Trade system will be partaking in Coasian Bargaining. This system has been used in the European Union and has shown outstanding decreases in the levels of CO2 by firms (International-Emissions-Trading-Association 2011). Due to the nature of the market, firms will bid and calculate a price war against each other that will drive firms to have the lowest operating cost to spell on purchasing permits. Firms that do not use the entire permit’s quota are able to bid off their remaining excess to firms whom can contribute to pollute, or can’t knuckle under to innovate into cleaner methods of production.\r\nProduction, if the firm is pollutant dependant will be affected due to a rise in fixed and variable costs and may decrease output ( sarin 2007). If the firm is not severely reliant on pollution, it will put one over increases in its profits due to the revenue gained from trading the permits. The Cap and Trade system promotes p roduction efficiency according to Gilbert Metcalfe’s proposal for a US Cap Swap in those methods that reduce CO2 output cost less via the tariffs placed.\r\nThe Cap and Trade system from a household’s perspective will be similar to that of the carbon tax, however a time lag may be present due to firms having a time period in which they can allocate their pollution as contradictory to an indirect tax.\r\nEach policy implication from an economic perspective has its own merits and weaknesses and need to be considered when creating a policy that affects both households and firms. The policy must be fair, equitable and efficient to all parties involved. By equivalence the implemented Carbon Tax with the feasible alternative, the Cap and Trade system, the different viewpoints of firms and households are understood.\r\n'

'The Great Leap Forward of China\r'

' immense restrain Forward (1958-1960), economic and favorable plan initiated by Chinese commie leader monoamine oxidase Zedong (Mao Tse-tung), with the intent of floorly increasing agricultural and industrial doing in the Peoples Republic of china, and of bringing chinaware to the brink of a utopian commie society.\r\nThe Great chute Forward was a reaction to the Hundred Flowers Campaign, a much moderate development program in China in 1957. In this front program, Mao Zedong tried to win the take everywhere of Chinese intellectuals by calling for their constructive criticism of the policies of the Chinese commie caller (CCP). However, much(prenominal) an unexpected torrent of dissatisfaction furious on troupe leaders that in June 1957 the CCP abandoned the Hundred Flowers plan and locomote in much more radical directions, imposing strict controls on independence of expression and dismissing or imprisoning many intellectuals.\r\nThe CCP wherefore called upon all Ch inese to engage in physical labor to transform the economy, forcing over 100 million people into projects such as land reclamation and the gimmick of irrigation systems, which were designed to increase agricultural production. During the Leap, outstanding self- comfortable communes were established in the Chinese countryside, and China proclaimed that it would overtake England in the production of major products in 15 years. Chinese leaders thought that China was on the verge of establishing a Communist utopia, in which all people would function together to make China ample and totally self-sufficient.\r\nOver the next some(prenominal) years, production targets for communes grew continually larger, and officials competed against each another(prenominal) to see who could proclaim the highest yields. The CCP leadership believed the targets to be accurate and used them, kind of than real production figures, as the basis for find out taxes, which were collected in whit rather than currency. As a result, the amount of grain available to the people of China dropped more or less 25 percent. Between 1959 and 1962, more than 20 million people died during a massive famine caused by this practice.\r\nIn 1958, as an immediate result of the massive youngster mobilization, industrial and agricultural output increase significantly. In 1959, however, agricultural production started to fall, arriver its low in 1962, when it was only about two-thirds of the 1958 total. Industrial production gradually set down as well, but less severely, incessantly surpassing production totals for 1957. Socially, the Leap produced great enthusiasm among most Chinese in 1958, but as it became clear that the Leap programs were not working and that people were starving, habitual dissatisfaction began to grow.\r\nDuring 1959 party leadership tried to determine some of the problems of the Leap. But these efforts were not sufficient for the Defense Minister, Peng Dehuai (Peng Te-hu ai), who in mid-1959 criticized Leap policies and argued powerfully for a more moderate stance. Mao Zedong took exception to Pengs ideas and had him removed from power. Maos harsh repartee to Pengs criticism essentially intimidated the party into giving up the idea of retrenchment, modify Mao to reassert the policies of the Leap.\r\nBy the midst of 1960 it became clear to party leaders that the Leap could not be sustained. Emergency measures were interpreted to bring the economy under control, including merchandise grain from the West and decentralizing the communes. pro management, which had been attacked as counterrevolutionary during the Leap, was actively encouraged. to begin with Mao Zedong went along with these policies, but he increasingly felt that they betrayed his vision of socialism. He grew suspicious of other CCP leaders, such as Deng Xiaoping (Teng Hsiao-ping), who had advocated moderate policies. His differences with Deng and others drove Mao to arrange the Cult ural Revolution in 1966 to level his perceived opponents and to try to restore his perfection of a Chinese revolution.\r\n'

'Physical Activity and Childhood Obesity\r'

'As people twenty-four hourss the k outrightledge and experiences they gain in life may garter shape their chance(a) decisions. Adults ar often much scrupulous of the benefits personal employment has on their bodies and their wellness. With the growth popularity of video games, the distraction of television and the ready paced lifestyles many people are now living, children are being greatly affected. The result of children being more inactive in current times has led to a greater prevalence of child obesity in society.In order to combat this let go it is imperative that children partake in physical activity. Children learn by example and the matter the schools, communities and parents use up with the child helps shape their outcomes in life. There are several factors that may contribute to childishness obesity. In an oblige on Children’s Physical operation and obesity it states that; â€Å"[…] the effects of parenting, the home environment, and developmental and psychological factors on diet, obesity, and physical activity have received significant wariness” (Luisa Franzini, PhD, 2oo9).From this attention, new research and developments are achieved. The itemise of children who experience great(p) is ontogenesis at an alarming rate in young times. According to an article on arduous and obesity, 1 out of 3 children are considered overweight or orotund (Kids Health, 2009). interrogation has shown that overweight and obesity leads to health issues, many of which can be fatal. Moreover, the CDC states; â€Å"Obese younker are more likely to have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as high school cholesterol or high blood pressure.In a population-based sample of 5- to 17-year-olds, 70% of obese juvenility had at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease” (Healthy Youth, 2010). Further, experiencing overweight in childhood presents a greater possibility of experiencing overweight in adult hood. According to the CDC, obese youth are more likely to drop dead overweight adults, and therefore more at risk for associated adult health problems, including intent disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, several types of cancer, and osteoarthritis (Healthy Youth, 2010).A positive outlook on afore mentioned statistics is that these health issues can be prevented by adapting a straight-laced diet and engaging in physical activity. There are a number of ways to prevent childhood obesity. According to an article on complaint Prevention Programs Targeting Obesity in Children, a majority of programs developed and tested to allot childhood obesity have include dietary modification, increased physical activity, and/or reduced sedentary behavior (Adrienne R. Hughes, 2008).With the growing popularity of video games and number of television channels, more children are engaging in sedentary behavior. However, reducing sedentary activities among children can help prevent obesity. In fact, H ughes states; â€Å" Encouraging obese children to increase their physical activity leave behind help to reduce adiposity and remediate cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychosocial health (Adrienne R. Hughes, 2008). The amount of time washed-out being physically active is as well distinguished in preventing child obesity.In fact, in an article on Tackling Overweight and Obesity in Children it states; â€Å"Children should take part in at least one minute of moderately intense activity per day; this should make breathing heavier than usual, but talk of the town should still be possible” (Crocker, 2007). It is substantial to gradually increase physical activity in order to avoid impairment or over exertion. Further, as a school, a community and as parents it is important to set good examples for children. Through proper physical activity and diet the prevalence of child obesity can be diminished.\r\n'

'A play that demonstrates the emptiness of the American dream ‘Death of a Salesman’ Essay\r'

'â€Å"A antic that demonstrates the vacuum of the Ameri buns stargaze”. How far do you agree with this assessment of ‘Death of a Salesman’?\r\nIt is evident from the first view of ‘ finis of a salesman’ that there atomic number 18 definite, veto realities in the Ameri stomach woolgather. From writing this play, milling machine has strongly illustrated that the Ameri abide dream produces an corporal body that serviceman outlay and determine set up be metric in pecuniary terms. During 1940’s America, capitalism and consumerism was at it’s strongest with the American dream acting as a predator to the unsuspicious, determined and success-hungry business community of America. Although whatsoever of these men prospered in creating a lucky business and earned a lot of money, others failed and felt up that their avouch sm each(prenominal)er carry throughments were vitiate and insignificant.\r\nIn the play, Willy ( corresp onding other American salesmen) has focused his life and attention on achieving the American dream and being a successful role model to his sons. Willy, however, does non accomplish success and instead falls victim to capitalism. His main belief is that popularity leads to individualised and business triumph, and materialistic items prove that he is well liked and loved by his friends and family. Even though Willy can non afford august gifts, the American dream is based on materialising love and values and Willy does this when he buys hit and bright a punch traveling bag branded with ‘Gene Tunney’s tinge’.\r\nAlthough at first this gift contactms appreciated, quite than flatter and excite, materialism and brand call haunted Willy with debt and insecurity, however he felt obliged to pull up stakes for his sons and determined to trace in the American dream. Willy is a harm and his suicide attempts displayed an unproductive, exhausted man. He feels th at what he does attain be empty achievements and his naughtiness points and soils for failure were obvious; much(prenominal) as instilling false values into his sons. It can be interpreted that, because Willy was ineffective, when he did achieve something, it was insignificant and empty; although some critics whitethorn feel that his lack of success may mean he put much pride in his minor exertions such as DIY around the domicile.\r\nThis is shown when Willy is trying to take his neighbour Charley by saying ‘Did you see the ceiling I put in the living-room?’ Willy and Linda had only one stipend leftover on their xx louver year mortgage before the brook is their own, and Linda feels quite content and happy virtually this. But Willy is still unhappy, questioning the argue for owning the house in the first devote: ‘What point?’. Owning the house is an empty accomplishment for Willy, even though it took so presbyopic to achieve. ‘Work a lifetime to chip in bump off a house. You finally own it, and there’s nobody left to live in it’. this alone demonstrates the vacuum of consumerism and the American dream.\r\nIt is too illustrated that the American dream is an empty achievement when, at the descent of the play, Happy and Biff be discussing their oeuvre and future. At this point, Happy indicates that his manager’s success is empty, with him building a house that ‘he can’t enthrall once it’s finished’. Happy states that he is generally achieving e precisething that he wanted, yet they are non fundamental to him; they are empty accomplishments. He even questions the reason why he is working depend able as Willy questioned the point of the house, because all he is achieving from working is pointless and empty success. It could be argued that miller is trying to pursue the view that it is the process of success that is more than of import than success itself. This strongly questions American values, as many people follow the American dream which holds the belief that material items are more important and that they represent individual(prenominal) and business victory.\r\nHowever, Happy is successful personally to compensate for his empty achievements as a clerk. He seduces the fianc�e’s of his managers because he has an ‘over-developed sense of tilt’ †Happy takes what he wants even though he apparently ‘hates himself for it’, indicating the use of the bad morals taught to the boys by Willy. This again could be construed as an wasted success in the process of achieving the American dream. A nonher point of perspective is that the women, like materialistic items and commercialism, may produce condition in the American social system, exactly they also produce stress and not necessarily mirth.\r\nWilly is in constant competition with his neighbour Charley, continuously aiming to be â €˜ big than Uncle Charley’ and promising his sons this success. This point suggests that materialism and the American dream are more important than general well-being and human deserving, and some critics feel that through this neighbourly competition, Miller is questioning the values of America as a whole. Willy’s mind and psychological science also breakdown because of his obsession with the American dream, and his dreams be cope illusions. Eventually, Willy is fighting with illusions and macrocosm and believes all he is worth is his insurance money, stressing the caprice that the American dream is empty and human values can be measured economically. The irony of Linda declaring ‘we’re needy’ at the end of the play is some(prenominal) ironical and tragic as although she is now free of debt, the empty American dream the illuded both Willy and herself is still holding her and others ensnared.\r\nOn the other hand, in contrast to Willy, Charl ey is successful and has a fulfilling career and achieved the American dream. Willy is real green-eyed of Charley, so much so that his pride, green-eyed monster and stubbornness prevents him from accepting a commercial enterprise off Charley, even when he is unemployed: ‘I just can’t work for you, Charley’. Similarly, Howard, although cruel to Willy and fires him, is very successful. He has a happy, sublime family life. He is able to afford materialistic goods, can provide for his family, is not overridden by debt and is generally accomplish by his success and the American dream. Howard is very proud and boastful to have achieved the American dream and this is shown when he boasts his tapeline recorder to Willy, who is obviously resentful.\r\nHoward’s other material possessions appear to be unimportant compared to the tape recorder and are no agelong required, showing Howard to be a sort of wasteful person. This again implies that, in deviance t o Willy, Howard is extremely successful and is relishing in consumerism, finding the American dream very rewarding. However, another point of view could be that Howard, like Willy, finds the American dream empty as he is not enjoying what he has achieved, and is just replacing everything with a more modern or expensive model.\r\nIn dissimilarity to Willy, Charley is a accepted, kind and affectionateness neighbour, and is not at all in competition with Willy. Therefore, Charley values human worth and this suggests that American values are not concentrated mainly on accomplishment. Charley has not let the American dream mould his ideas of human worth and values, and he does not think that human life can be measured financially. He rattling seems genuinely worried at Willy’s hints towards suicide and says to him ‘nobody’s worth nothing’ dead’.\r\nCharley is realistic compared to Willy, who is idealistic and living in his own fantasy. through his s uccess, Charley sees Willy’s faults and reasons for his failure and tries to make Willy pick out this by constantly asking ‘Willy, when are you going to grow up?’. Charley recognises Willy’s fantasies are wrong and he tries to sponsor him. This shows that the American dream has not attenuated Charley’s character as it has Willy’s and Charley’s success mean she can answer Willy financially. This can be interpreted as Charley using his satisfying achievements to help Willy.\r\nFor Charley, his dream has become a reality not an illusion. Charley may have also become victim to capitalism but, in comparison to Willy, he is thriving off it whereas it is destroying Willy. He is content with his success and feels set up by his achievements, suggesting that the play does not only if demonstrate the vanity of the American dream but the fulfilments also. Miller himself argues that the play is not entirely based on the faults of the America n dream although it does question American values very powerfully. He strengthens his argument because, although Willy is discomfited by the American dream, Charley is entirely successful without creating personal flaws from his dreams of success. Bernard, his son, is also a genuine (as well as successful) person; a complete difference from Willy’s sons.\r\nAs a result, ‘Death of a salesman’ close perfectly depicts aspects of the American dream directly. Our twenty first century ideals, dreams and illusions echo, even more so perhaps, the prosperous America of liter years ago. It can be related to by people of our culture today as well as those from the 1940’s, fashioning the powerful reminders of the illusion focused on in ‘Death of a Salesman’ only relevant to our world. It is from this that I have come to the conclusion that, although ‘Death of a Salesman’ subtly contains stories of success due to the American dream, this play is a textbook illustration of the emptiness of the American dream and consumerism; where failure and chagrin eats away at happiness and confidence, but success is, similarly, an empty accomplishment.\r\n'

'Cost of Capital\r'

'Weve regarded how cyber crimes sham the carrying into action and how we can measure the blow of cyber crimes. Case study of Amazon Inc. epresents the chief(prenominal) and general info ab come forth the ompany, identifies its legation and objectives. Weve appreciated the current situation in unions none and obtainance. Our case also de frontierined and demonst send exposures of Amazon Inc. to cyber holy terrors. Weve critical rounded the st grazegy and cognitive process of the confederation from four perspectives: monetary, customer, internal, innovation learning &type A;growth perspective. On the basis of our findings weve apt(p)(p) specific recommendations to the company that would help to fall upon its goals and maintain leadership in the merchandise of online retail.Recommendations correspond to four perspectives weve consumptiond to review exploit of the company. We are onvinced that cyber self-denial is an organic snap off of companys movement an d hence the sufficeance wariness. 2. Introduction 2. 1 Cybercrimes in schooling age Cybercrimes appeared at the same judgment of conviction as the Internet. And the slipway and technologies of crimes were, are and would be improving along the development of machines and technologies in the whole and in spellicular the Internet. Cybercrimes became the part of our world and in order to nurse us from that, governments of all countries digest the laws to frustrate from such things.Also there are companies, which entrust the security services against cybercrimes: Cyberpath, ESET, TDI and any opposites. But, unfortunately, they can non do work all the problems. The existing criminal laws in most countries should cover computer-related crimes or electronically perpetrated crimes. 2. 2 Use of entropyal technology in fraud The biggest cyber holy terror is that it whitethorn surpass at any given time, it is only when impossible to find break through when the unseasoned w ave ordaining hit and more than of the essence(predicate)ly what type of wave will it be. Cyber threat may apportion distinguishable forms.Here are the most common specially for our company. The first and the least dangerous is the threat, which has not material intrusion on the company. As an ex amperele can be the defacing of the companys website by nags. Second, more serious is the threat, which is haling for the monetary gain. not only work the handicraftes entered the digital world. The criminals start out done the same as well. And right away it functions Just like any early(a) lineage concern. They select their strategies, circumspection structures, quality construe and so on.For example, hackers may obtain companys net income reports before its official release. Having that knowledge, they may mathematical function it in making the decision of purchasing or selling stocks of that particular company. memory pace with virgin technologies also eeds received portion of attention. Companies risk exposure is forever and a day growing as the companies invest more and more in technologies ( favorable, mobile, cloud, etc. ). all ot those can be a threat at the end ot the day. Mobile, tor instance, put the disdain in danger as the organizations incarnate data suddenly may be assessed from the outside.Furthermore, the employees do not always richly realize the threat they are set about by sending, sharing or receiving the information on their personal devices. The same goes for sociable media, where the personal and professional line is ofttimes erased. One way that a hacker can gain illicit coming toa clay is through â€Å"social applied science science”. Social engineering is a line utilize to describe deception against opposite humansl . A hacker may manufacture a scheme to trick opposite person into providing a username and password.Social engineering is as simple and effective as misrepresent to leave the room plot of land an early(a)(a)(prenominal) is signing onto a computer, all the while peaking around the corner to get a glimpse of logon keystrokes. Social engineering does not always occupy place face-to-face. quick hackers bring on been cognize to place anticipate calls dissemble to be a unified help desk person or other legitimate artner asking for information that could via media gate to computing resources. Imagine how numerous workstations are left wide clear in a building when a fire alarm goes off.How long would it take for the alarm puller to drop a floppy into your desktop computer, initiate a process and be gone? some other(prenominal) category of intrusion tool is know as the scanner, or sniffer. Many in operation(p) corpses come with vulnerability scanners that assist administrators in finding weaknesses. Public domain and mercantile products are readily available, including SARA, Nessus, O SANS lay down 2002, Author retains full rights2. These sca nners can dampen service ports that are feed for overture and even details about the direct system itself.We should not be wide-eyed enough to study that these are out of the reach of the bad guys. Then, password crack entails creating plain text passwords from their cryptographic hashes. at once the plain text password is garnered, advance can be had. Password chap tools are made available to system administrators for auditing and recovery reasons. IP3 spoofing is a technique utilise by hackers as a convey to gain hidden, unauthorized entrée to a gull resource. They do this by impersonating a trusted resource.Specifically, a DDoS4 struggle may change address information in the IP header of a contentedness to make the stub resource deal the nub is coming from a recognized, congenial port. When this technique is deployed in high volume, the set upon can effectively dominate the take machines resources, causing the engineer machine to perform sluggishly , or stop processing altogether. In addition to password snap fastener, social engineering, IP spoofing techniques, hackers have some other ways to perform destructive acts in the cyber realm.They have ways to hijack legitimate sessions, tap and re-assemble IP fragments, take advantage of airplane pilot store overflows or flood a target machine with SYN requests. It is the wide and diverse spirit of vulnerability today that argues for a sozzled cyber security circumspection system, one that begins with well-rounded policy and applies many technologies to achieve defence mechanism in depth. 3. Is bloodline functioning management relevant today? Business exertion management is scientific approach to arrive at the set of relevant and time express mail goals by applying the definite set of rhythmic pattern to assess the ffectiveness of resource usage.An paygrade of surgical procedure management regards indicators that numerically show the break upnt of business acti vities. There are prosody for evaluating the success of a business: financial, internal, customer, strategical and compliance. Financial system of measurement Financial calculated includes gross revenue, pay and costs. This mensurable unit shows us if our gross sales decreased or increased and if decreased, we should check up on why. But more serious mensurable unit is how our meshs behave. If our sales go down, our gelts could still increase because we decreased the rate of cost.Internal deliberate Internal metric unit provides an valuation management working at the company. As usual, this metric is better in elfin companies, because managers are closely connected with the employees sort of than in big corporations. Customer metric Businesses exist to serve the needs of their customers. This nub that behviour and loyalty of customers, and their level of satisfaction, provide us with a good measure for business semipermanent health and performance. Strategic metr ic Companies create strategies to reach short and long-run targets.An evaluation of the strategic performance management includes the quality of performance the trategies that management act to implement. Strategies specify actions that management expects to achieve the desire result. An evaluation considers implementation of the strategies, successful consummation of the planned actions by the company and whether results acquiesce with the goals. Compliance metric Compliance metric measures effectiveness of compliance within the organization. counseling should demonstrate ability to obey with financial reporting standards, regulations and environmental legislation.Ideally, business should not have any imposed sanctions from the authorities. As we mentioned all these prosody are important for successful existence of the company. Without business performance management the company will abound because, for example, if the company does not know what is its profit or its custo mer rate, what is inside in the company and so on and so forth. Measuring and keeping track on businesss performance is essential for every company. If you dont quantify your past performance you cant make lifelike sustainable plans for the future.\r\nCost of Capital\r\nWeve regarded how cyber crimes blow the performance and how we can measure the impact of cyber crimes. Case study of Amazon Inc. epresents the main and general information about the ompany, identifies its flush and objectives. Weve evaluated the current situation in companys business and performance. Our case also determined and plant exposures of Amazon Inc. to cyber threats. Weve reviewed the strategy and performance of the company from four perspectives: financial, customer, internal, innovation learning &growth perspective. On the basis of our findings weve given specific recommendations to the company that would help to achieve its goals and maintain leadership in the market of online retail.Recommendat ions correspond to four perspectives weve used to review performance of the company. We are onvinced that cyber defense is an full part of companys performance and hence the performance management. 2. Introduction 2. 1 Cybercrimes in information age Cybercrimes appeared at the same time as the Internet. And the ways and technologies of crimes were, are and would be improving along the development of machines and technologies in the whole and in particular the Internet. Cybercrimes became the part of our world and in order to entertain us from that, governments of all countries provide the laws to counter from such things.Also there are companies, which provide the security services against cybercrimes: Cyberpath, ESET, TDI and any others. But, unfortunately, they cannot solve all the problems. The existing criminal laws in most countries should cover computer-related crimes or electronically perpetrated crimes. 2. 2 Use of informational technology in fraud The biggest cyber threa t is that it may expire at any given time, it is merely impossible to find out when the new wave will hit and more importantly what type of wave will it be. Cyber threat may take different forms.Here are the most common peculiarly for our company. The first and the least dangerous is the threat, which has not material impact on the company. As an example can be the defacing of the companys website by hackers. Second, more serious is the threat, which is haling for the financial gain. not only have the businesses entered the digital world. The criminals have done the same as well. And straightaway it functions Just like any other business. They have their strategies, management structures, quality go through and so on.For example, hackers may obtain companys net income reports before its official release. Having that knowledge, they may use it in making the decision of buy or selling stocks of that particular company. safekeeping pace with new technologies also eeds certain p ortion of attention. Companies risk exposure is forever and a day growing as the companies invest more and more in technologies (social, mobile, cloud, etc. ). on the whole ot those can be a threat at the end ot the day. Mobile, tor instance, put the business in danger as the organizations corporal data suddenly may be assessed from the outside.Furthermore, the employees do not always to the full realize the threat they are pioneer by sending, sharing or receiving the information on their personal devices. The same goes for social media, where the personal and professional line is much erased. One way that a hacker can gain illicit access toa system is through â€Å"social engineering”. Social engineering is a term used to describe deception against other humansl . A hacker may cabal a scheme to trick other person into providing a username and password.Social engineering is as simple and effective as pretending to leave the room while another is signing onto a compute r, all the while peaking around the corner to get a glimpse of logon keystrokes. Social engineering does not always take place face-to-face. liable(p) hackers have been known to place visit calls pretending to be a embodied help desk person or other legitimate artner asking for information that could via media access to computing resources. Imagine how many workstations are left wide open in a building when a fire alarm goes off.How long would it take for the alarm puller to drop a floppy into your desktop computer, initiate a process and be gone? other category of intrusion tool is known as the scanner, or sniffer. Many direct systems come with vulnerability scanners that assist administrators in finding weaknesses. Public domain and moneymaking(prenominal) products are readily available, including SARA, Nessus, O SANS wreak 2002, Author retains full rights2. These scanners can get word service ports that are open for glide slope and even details about the operational sys tem itself.We should not be unworldly enough to think that these are out of the reach of the bad guys. Then, password centering entails creating plain text passwords from their cryptographic hashes. one time the plain text password is garnered, access can be had. Password cracking tools are made available to system administrators for auditing and recovery reasons. IP3 spoofing is a technique used by hackers as a direction to gain hidden, unauthorized access to a target resource. They do this by impersonating a trusted resource.Specifically, a DDoS4 attack may change address information in the IP header of a message to make the target resource think the message is coming from a recognized, affable port. When this technique is deployed in high volume, the attack can effectively dominate the target machines resources, causing the target machine to perform sluggishly, or stop processing altogether. In addition to password cracking, social engineering, IP spoofing techniques, hackers have many other ways to perform destructive acts in the cyber realm.They have ways to hijack legitimate sessions, pester and re-assemble IP fragments, take advantage of buffer overflows or flood a target machine with SYN requests. It is the wide and diverse constitution of vulnerability today that argues for a strengthened cyber security management system, one that begins with universal policy and applies many technologies to achieve defense in depth. 3. Is business performance management relevant today? Business performance management is scientific approach to orbit the set of relevant and time control goals by applying the definite set of metrics to assess the ffectiveness of resource usage.An evaluation of performance management regards indicators that numerically show the subject of business activities. There are metrics for evaluating the success of a business: financial, internal, customer, strategic and compliance. Financial metric Financial metric includes sales, pro fits and costs. This metric shows us if our sales decreased or increased and if decreased, we should ask why. But more important metric is how our profits behave. If our sales go down, our profits could still increase because we decreased the rate of cost.Internal metric Internal metric provides an evaluation management working at the company. As usual, this metric is better in puny companies, because managers are closely connected with the employees kinda than in big corporations. Customer metric Businesses exist to serve the needs of their customers. This content that behviour and loyalty of customers, and their level of satisfaction, provide us with a good measure for business long-term health and performance. Strategic metric Companies create strategies to reach short and long-term targets.An evaluation of the strategic performance management includes the quality of execution the trategies that management act to implement. Strategies specify actions that management expects to achieve the sought after result. An evaluation considers implementation of the strategies, successful execution of the planned actions by the company and whether results comply with the goals. Compliance metric Compliance metric measures effectiveness of compliance within the organization. worry should demonstrate ability to comply with financial reporting standards, regulations and environmental legislation.Ideally, business should not have any imposed sanctions from the authorities. As we mentioned all these metrics are important for successful existence of the company. Without business performance management the company will gift because, for example, if the company does not know what is its profit or its customer rate, what is inside in the company and so on and so forth. Measuring and keeping track on businesss performance is essential for every company. If you dont evaluate your past performance you cant make hardheaded sustainable plans for the future.\r\n'

'A Study of Mrs. Warren’s Profession Essay\r'

'Although George Bernard Shaw closeed musical composition Mrs. warren’s traffic in 1893, he was un up to(p) to learn a license to dress it until 1902. Since this converge deals with the figure standards betwixt rich and worthless and unravelforce and women the inability for it to be performed in capital of the United Kingdom for nine days is twain poignant and ironic. This metre lapse emphasizes the â€Å"the using of young women and lady takeoff boosters, non and in brothels . . . to which connection conveniently turned a blind nerve center” (Dierkes-Thrun 293). The royal censor chose to handle the issues Shaw’s looseness presents in favor of oft than unoriginal, happier merriments. Although nomin on the wholey ab tabu Mrs.\r\nrabbit warren’s concern as a prostitute and madam, the calculate a alike deals with incest, the birth amongst Victorian men and women, and the relationship in the midst of Mrs. warren and Vivie warren. The theme that drives the shape is the using of the sorry caused by the underpaying and over running(a) of women and men by the favorable institutions in England. Broad and Broad computer address the preface to pass waterting Married” where in 1908 Shaw wrote, â€Å"I subscribe to shewn [sic}]that Mrs. rabbit warren’s trade is an scotch phenomenon produced by our underpayment and illtreatment [sic] of women who punctuate to earn an h integrityst brisk” (64-5).\r\nShaw illustrates this victimization with the relationships amongst the four male characters and the cardinal women. These men altogether appear to achieve water the uniform(p) cheer and relationship in Vivie as they do in her yield, pussy warren. Praed, the prototypic male aim on salute has an artistic temperament and a long confines championship with Mrs. rabbit warren. He denies that he has a informal relationship with her and has had â€Å" nought to do with that side of Mrs. rabbit warren’s deportment [her work as a prostitute and madam], and neer had. ” He claims that he is precisely a mate who helps lot warren â€Å" break loose from her stimulate beauty” (Shaw 66).\r\nHe appears to shake get hold to meet Vivie and get going her fri hold back in the very(prenominal) elan. The effect is that both women atomic number 18 his friends and serve the kindred role as wiz a nonher. Sir George Crofts represents the English velocity class gentle humanness and is later revealed as sess warren’s pipeline rivener. The two have a long accounting unneurotic: they were intimate before he became Sir George and she became Mrs. warren. Crofts has an oculus for both Mrs. warren and Vivie. This prospect that he whitethorn be Vivie’s set close to does non disapprove him. Al approximately nowadays after meeting Vivie, Crofts queries Mr.\r\nPraed to polish off taboo if he knows who Vivieâ€℠¢s stick is. When Praed denies the association Crofts asks for the favor of creation told if he knows because he feels attracted nevertheless though he whitethorn be Vivie’s father. He assures Praed that â€Å"it’s quite an devoid feeling. That’s what puzzles me about it. Why, for each I know, I index be her father” (Shaw 66). condescension his protests of innocence his interest appear more sinister than non. When hot dog Gardner first appears on peak he reveals to Praed, who appears to be fitting a confidant for on the whole of the characters, that he knows Vivie and that she effs him (Shaw 67).\r\nDespite this declaration Frank Gardner flirts outrageously with potentiometer Warren that purgeing heretofore suggesting that she accompany him to Vienna. She responds and gives him a pet before she dismisses him by telling him to go and â€Å" tell on love to Vivie” (Shaw 69). The exsert gentleman is the exalted Samuel Gardner, fath er of Frank, who represents the Church. He had an peccadillo with flowerpot Warren forward to his having theater of operations for the clergy. During their philander he wrote her several love letter and later, broken by what she has become and imposing of what she might do with the letters, he asks for them back.\r\nMrs. Warren unconditionally refuses to return the letters because â€Å"[k]nowledge is spring . . . and I never sell power” (Shaw 68). Appargonntly Sir George Crofts, Reverend Gardner, and Mrs. snatch Warren have a past together when they were young and were kn admit as George Crofts, Sam Gardner, and throw Vavasour (Shaw 68). Later in the play Crofts tells Frank Gardner that Vivie is his half-sister as a contri notwithstandinge of the liaison between Reverend Gardner and Kitty Warren. The affinity between the way these men treat both women indicates they view women as exchangeable parts or else of having value as psyche populate.\r\nIt is not yet the men who uses Mrs. Warren; Vivie overly work outs use of her female parent as a tool. Shaw keys Vivie as â€Å"an attractive precedent of the sensible, able, highly-educated young middle-class English fair sex” (Shaw 62). At the beginning of the play Vivie does not even baffle picking up her contract at the gear up home. This is understandable because Vivie does not really know her draw who has spent most of her clock in capital of Belgium and Vienna with passing(a) visits to England (Shaw 64). Although she admits her breed always provided for her by paying for her caregivers and disciplines, thither is no daughter- engender relationship.\r\nVivie fancies herself as beness in tick off of her heart. She plans on universe the recent charr or radical-sprung(prenominal) woman who allow for make her possess way by using the mathematics she has studied and excelled in to work â€Å"in the City, and work at actuarial calculations and conveyancing [si c] . . . with single eye at the Stock Exchange” (Shaw 63). She wants no matter from her fix still my out-of-the-way(prenominal)e to Lon wear down to first gear in that location to-morrow earning my hold living . . . ” (Shaw 64). This is clearly the magnify of some i who has never had to provide for herself plainly has had her backup and education turn over to her.\r\nShe tells of her work experience when she had She had worked for sextet calendar weeks the previous may where she did calculations, and her view of operative is not realistic with thoughts of day to day working that may become drudgery, but more like the imaginings of a indoctrinate girl who temporarily worked down the stairs her financial station as lark. She imagines this experience has not unaccompanied provided her with tools to make her own living, but bequeath satisfy her social demeanor as because when she stayed with her friend Honoria she spent her evenings with her friend whe re â€Å"in the evenings we smoked and talked, and never dreamt of going out except for exercise.\r\nAnd I never enjoyed myself more in my sprightliness. I cleared all my expenses . . . (Shaw 63). Vivie is naive and innocent of the realities of life. Doing something for six weeks as a lark is iodine thing; doing the identical thing for the rest of your life just â€Å"clearing expenses” and being subject to the accidents and difficulties one faces in real life is something quite contrastive and, at times, not that enjoyable. Vivie challenges her niggle by utter â€Å"Everybody knows my reputation, my social standing, and the barter I intend to tail” (Shaw 74).\r\nThe implication being that her mother’s life has been hidden and she should make it know. When Vivie declares that, â€Å"The poorest girl alive may not be able to choose between being Queen of England or Principal of Newnham; but she mess choose between ragpicking [sic] and flowerselling [sic ], according to her taste. large number are always blaming their band for what they are. I don’t believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this man are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and, if they can’t find them, make them” (Shaw 75),\r\nit becomes too much(prenominal) for Mrs. Warren and she tells Vivie about her circumstances. When she worked 14 hours a day as a hold back and dishwasher Kitty Warren earned only four shillings per week and board. When Vivie discovers her mother’s profession she finds herself shocked but admiring her mother for the sacrifices she has made, â€Å"my dear mother: you are a wonderful woman” and asks her mother if they can be friends (Shaw 77).\r\nHowever, the next morning when Crofts tells her that he is her mother’s partner and they are all the same operate brothels passim Europe, Vivie changes her mind about her mother and immediately leaves to buy the farm he r working career in London. When she is followed by Praed, Frank, and her mother, she summarily dismisses them from her life and determines to make her own way in life. One cannot help but wonder if Vivie Warren would not have suffered the same or a similar fate as her mother if she had not had the benefit of her mother’s money that allowed her to study at college and to go into business.\r\nAt the play’s end Vivie Warren has been liberated. She has state honorablebye to her mother, Frank, and the others, with the executable exception of Praed who may chill out be a friend. She has turn downed the possible trance with Frank, who may be her brother, she has refused the marriage proposal of Sir George Crofts, who may be her father, and has spurned the life style of her mother who continues to make money from her brothels. She has elect to an un constituted life, but in a rather more delicious, ceremonious fashion than did her mother.\r\nAlthough it was rare in t he Victorian age for a woman to work in an office it was far more grateful than being either a madam or a prostitute and was seemly more acceptable with each passing year. Ultimately, there is not that much difference between Vivie and her mother. to each one sought and comprise a way to constrain independence for herself. Vivie has been strained to make a finale that is not frequent with society to gain her own independence, just as her mother had to do twenty years earlier.\r\n scarce as her mother had to balk her conventional life, Vivie had to reject the life offered to her by Kitty Warren. Liggins offers an kindle abbreviation about Vivie’s rejection of her mother’s lifestyle by making give ear of the concept of the parvenue woman. Vivie sees herself as a parvenu woman who has time for nothing other than business. Liggins posits that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is about the relationship between the sunrise(prenominal) woman and the prostitute. Shaw portrays Kitty Warren as a uncontrollable flirt who could never be accepted in society.\r\nVivie chooses a life that exempts her from being a part of society as she has no regard for it. The new woman has carved out a new niche in life but the new woman, just like the conventional woman and conventional man regards prostitution as immoral and hence opens the door to continued scotch poverty for the poor. Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a very interesting play. By today’s standards it is fairly quash and is suitable for high school students. Shaw does a favorable job attacking conventional mores. However, he pulls his punches and fails to finish off the Victorian conventions (Harris 176).\r\n so the reader is not entirely satisfied. One feels it could have been a stronger play than it is. Harris writes that â€Å"there is no play in all Shaw’s works as full of superb misses as this one. It could be one of the greatest dramas of all time and it is unforget table, but it fails to carry out timeless broadness” (Harris 176). Harris suggests two reason why the play does not quite work; he believes that either Shaw did not know how to handle the issues, which appears to be a good conclusion since Shaw does not describe or even name Mrs.\r\nWarren’s Profession; or Shaw â€Å"was afraid to drive unspoilt through to the end of it. ” In either case, as written Mrs. Warren’s Profession fails to make up the issues; virtually everything is the same at the final mantle as it was at the beginning of the play. Kitty Warren is a madam, Vivie Warren is an independent new woman and the men are left trying to restart their â€Å"pre-Vivie lives. ” Unfortunately the prototype standards between rich and poor, and man and woman remain. The poor are still victims of these twice standards.\r\nA Study of Mrs. Warren’s Profession Essay\r\nAlthough George Bernard Shaw finished writing Mrs. Warren’s Profess ion in 1893, he was unable to get a license to stage it until 1902. Since this play deals with the double standards between rich and poor and men and women the inability for it to be performed in London for nine years is both poignant and ironic. This time lapse emphasizes the â€Å"the victimization of young women and girls, not just in brothels . . . to which society conveniently turned a blind eye” (Dierkes-Thrun 293). The royal censor chose to ignore the issues Shaw’s play presents in favor of more conventional, happier plays. Although nominally about Mrs.\r\nWarren’s profession as a prostitute and madam, the play also deals with incest, the relationship between Victorian men and women, and the relationship between Mrs. Warren and Vivie Warren. The theme that drives the play is the victimization of the poor caused by the underpaying and overworking of women and men by the social institutions in England. Broad and Broad cite the preface to Getting Marriedâ₠¬Â where in 1908 Shaw wrote, â€Å"I have shewn [sic}]that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is an economic phenomenon produced by our underpayment and illtreatment [sic] of women who try to earn an honest living” (64-5).\r\nShaw illustrates this victimization with the relationships between the four male characters and the two women. These men all appear to have the same interest and relationship in Vivie as they do in her mother, Kitty Warren. Praed, the first male appearing on stage has an artistic temperament and a long term friendship with Mrs. Warren. He denies that he has a sexual relationship with her and has had â€Å"nothing to do with that side of Mrs. Warren’s life [her profession as a prostitute and madam], and never had. ” He claims that he is just a friend who helps Kitty Warren â€Å"escape from her own beauty” (Shaw 66).\r\nHe appears to have come to meet Vivie and become her friend in the same fashion. The effect is that both women are his friends and serve the same role as one another. Sir George Crofts represents the English upper class gentleman and is later revealed as Kitty Warren’s business partner. The two have a long history together: they were intimate before he became Sir George and she became Mrs. Warren. Crofts has an eye for both Mrs. Warren and Vivie. This prospect that he may be Vivie’s father does not deter him. Almost immediately after meeting Vivie, Crofts queries Mr.\r\nPraed to find out if he knows who Vivie’s father is. When Praed denies the knowledge Crofts asks for the favor of being told if he knows because he feels attracted even though he may be Vivie’s father. He assures Praed that â€Å"it’s quite an innocent feeling. That’s what puzzles me about it. Why, for all I know, I might be her father” (Shaw 66). Despite his protests of innocence his interest appear more sinister than not. When Frank Gardner first appears on stage he reveals to Praed , who appears to be becoming a confidant for all of the characters, that he knows Vivie and that she loves him (Shaw 67).\r\nDespite this declaration Frank Gardner flirts outrageously with Kitty Warren that evening even suggesting that she accompany him to Vienna. She responds and gives him a kiss before she dismisses him by telling him to go and â€Å"make love to Vivie” (Shaw 69). The last gentleman is the Reverend Samuel Gardner, father of Frank, who represents the Church. He had an indiscretion with Kitty Warren prior to his having studied for the clergy. During their romance he wrote her several love letters and later, embarrassed by what she has become and fearful of what she might do with the letters, he asks for them back.\r\nMrs. Warren flatly refuses to return the letters because â€Å"[k]nowledge is power . . . and I never sell power” (Shaw 68). Apparently Sir George Crofts, Reverend Gardner, and Mrs. Kitty Warren have a past together when they were young an d were known as George Crofts, Sam Gardner, and Miss Vavasour (Shaw 68). Later in the play Crofts tells Frank Gardner that Vivie is his half-sister as a result of the liaison between Reverend Gardner and Kitty Warren. The similarity between the way these men treat both women indicates they view women as interchangeable parts instead of having value as individual people.\r\nIt is not just the men who uses Mrs. Warren; Vivie also makes use of her mother as a tool. Shaw describes Vivie as â€Å"an attractive specimen of the sensible, able, highly-educated young middle-class Englishwoman” (Shaw 62). At the beginning of the play Vivie does not even bother picking up her mother at the train station. This is understandable because Vivie does not really know her mother who has spent most of her time in Brussels and Vienna with occasional visits to England (Shaw 64). Although she admits her mother always provided for her by paying for her caregivers and schools, there is no daughter-m other relationship.\r\nVivie fancies herself as being in control of her life. She plans on being the modern woman or new woman who will make her own way by using the mathematics she has studied and excelled in to work â€Å"in the City, and work at actuarial calculations and conveyancing [sic] . . . with one eye at the Stock Exchange” (Shaw 63). She wants nothing from her mother except my fare to London to start there to-morrow earning my own living . . . ” (Shaw 64). This is clearly the boasting of someone who has never had to provide for herself but has had her livelihood and education handed to her.\r\nShe tells of her work experience when she had She had worked for six weeks the previous May where she did calculations, but her view of working is not realistic with thoughts of day to day working that may become drudgery, but more like the imaginings of a school girl who temporarily worked beneath her financial station as lark. She imagines this experience has not onl y provided her with tools to make her own living, but will satisfy her social life as because when she stayed with her friend Honoria she spent her evenings with her friend where â€Å"in the evenings we smoked and talked, and never dreamt of going out except for exercise.\r\nAnd I never enjoyed myself more in my life. I cleared all my expenses . . . (Shaw 63). Vivie is naive and innocent of the realities of life. Doing something for six weeks as a lark is one thing; doing the same thing for the rest of your life just â€Å"clearing expenses” and being subject to the accidents and difficulties one faces in real life is something quite different and, at times, not that enjoyable. Vivie challenges her mother by saying â€Å"Everybody knows my reputation, my social standing, and the profession I intend to pursue” (Shaw 74). The implication being that her mother’s life has been hidden and she should make it known.\r\nWhen Vivie declares that, â€Å"The poorest gir l alive may not be able to choose between being Queen of England or Principal of Newnham; but she can choose between ragpicking [sic] and flowerselling [sic], according to her taste. People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are. I don’t believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and, if they can’t find them, make them” (Shaw 75), it becomes too much for Mrs. Warren and she tells Vivie about her circumstances.\r\nWhen she worked fourteen hours a day as a waitress and dishwasher Kitty Warren earned only four shillings per week and board. When Vivie discovers her mother’s profession she finds herself shocked but admiring her mother for the sacrifices she has made, â€Å"my dear mother: you are a wonderful woman” and asks her mother if they can be friends (Shaw 77). However, the next morning when Crofts tells her that he is her mother’s partn er and they are still operate brothels throughout Europe, Vivie changes her mind about her mother and immediately leaves to start her working career in London.\r\nWhen she is followed by Praed, Frank, and her mother, she summarily dismisses them from her life and determines to make her own way in life. One cannot help but wonder if Vivie Warren would not have suffered the same or a similar fate as her mother if she had not had the benefit of her mother’s money that allowed her to study at college and to go into business. At the play’s end Vivie Warren has been liberated. She has said goodbye to her mother, Frank, and the others, with the possible exception of Praed who may still be a friend.\r\nShe has rejected the possible romance with Frank, who may be her brother, she has refused the marriage proposal of Sir George Crofts, who may be her father, and has rejected the lifestyle of her mother who continues to make money from her brothels. She has chosen to an unconvent ional life, but in a rather more acceptable, conventional fashion than did her mother. Although it was rare in the Victorian age for a woman to work in an office it was far more acceptable than being either a madam or a prostitute and was becoming more acceptable with each passing year.\r\nUltimately, there is not that much difference between Vivie and her mother. Each sought and found a way to create independence for herself. Vivie has been forced to make a decision that is not popular with society to gain her own independence, just as her mother had to do twenty years earlier. Just as her mother had to reject her conventional life, Vivie had to reject the life offered to her by Kitty Warren. Liggins offers an interesting analysis about Vivie’s rejection of her mother’s lifestyle by making mention of the concept of the new woman.\r\nVivie sees herself as a new woman who has time for nothing other than business. Liggins posits that Mrs. Warren’s Profession is ab out the relationship between the new woman and the prostitute. Shaw portrays Kitty Warren as a incorrigible flirt who could never be accepted in society. Vivie chooses a life that exempts her from being a part of society as she has no regard for it. The new woman has carved out a new niche in life but the new woman, just like the conventional woman and conventional man regards prostitution as immoral and consequently opens the door to continued economic poverty for the poor.\r\nMrs. Warren’s Profession is a very interesting play. By today’s standards it is fairly tame and is suitable for high school students. Shaw does a good job attacking conventional mores. However, he pulls his punches and fails to finish off the Victorian conventions (Harris 176). Therefore the reader is not entirely satisfied. One feels it could have been a stronger play than it is. Harris writes that â€Å"there is no play in all Shaw’s works as full of magnificent misses as this one.\r\n It could be one of the greatest dramas of all time and it is unforgettable, but it fails to achieve timeless greatness” (Harris 176). Harris suggests two reason why the play does not quite work; he believes that either Shaw did not know how to handle the issues, which appears to be a good conclusion since Shaw does not describe or even name Mrs. Warren’s Profession; or Shaw â€Å"was afraid to drive right through to the end of it. ” In either case, as written Mrs. Warren’s Profession fails to resolve the issues; virtually everything is the same at the final curtain as it was at the beginning of the play.\r\nKitty Warren is a madam, Vivie Warren is an independent new woman and the men are left trying to resume their â€Å"pre-Vivie lives. ” Unfortunately the double standards between rich and poor, and man and woman remain. The poor are still victims of these double standards. Works Cited Broad, C. Lewis and Broad, regal M. Dictionary to the Plays an d Novels of Bernard Shaw. London: A. & C. Black, 1929. Dierkes-Thrun, Petra. â€Å"Incest and Trafficking of Women in Mrs. Warren’s Profession: ‘It Runs in the Family.\r\n‘” English lit in Transition 1880-1920 49, 3 (2006): 293-305. Dukore, Bernard F. Bernard Shaw, Playwright: Aspects of Shavian Drama. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1973. Harris, Frank. Bernard Shaw. New York: League of America, 1931). Liggins, Emma. whoredom and Social Purity in the 1880s and 1890s. detailed Survey 15, 3 (2003). Shaw, Bernard. The Complete Plays of Bernard Shaw. London: Constable, 1931. Note, this interpretation does not include line numbers of the play so the page number is used for citations.\r\n'

'Child Beauty Pageants Must Stop Essay\r'

'A barbarian smash parade is a beauty tilt featuring contestants younger than 13 old age of develop. Divisions include talent, interview, sportswear, quotidian wear, swim wear, western wear, out-fit of choice, decade wear, and take downing wear, typic anyy wearing aimup as well as elaborate hairstyles.\r\nThe debate about electric razor beauty vaunts in Australia is getting particularly ugly. Ever since the US group ‘Universal Royalty Beauty pompousness’ announced plans to hold its first Australian competition in Melbourne, the cries of protest from parent groups, psychologists and children’s rights organisations beat been loud and fierce.\r\nâ€Å"Would you stand your two daughters side by side in the lounge room and express one of them that she’s more beautiful than the some other?” Pull The Pin organiser, Catherine Manning said. For most pack that’s a resounding no, and the reason is obviously non just because of the impact you have on the fille that you range isn’t the most beautiful, but you’re also sending a really contrary message to the girl that you tell is the most beautiful.\r\n childish and child psychotherapist, Collett Smart, states that â€Å"it’s cruel to judge low girls on their appearance. To say to a young girl, no, you’re non pretty enough.” It’s harmful to a young girl’s self-esteem to tell her that she simply isn’t pretty enough and that’s the only reason she didn’t win the pageant. It starts to ace to three of the most common mental wellness problems in girls and women; have disorders, low self-esteem and depression.\r\nIn 2002, Stacey Weiner conveyed a train for a column she was pen on seventh-grade girls who viewed idolised magazine images of women, reported a drop in body satisfaction and a rise in depression.\r\nIn 2005, a study conducted by Anna Wonderlich, of the University of Minnesota, eleven wom en who took part in child beauty pageants were compared to eleven women who did not. The study found pageant contestants score higher on body dissatisfaction, interpersonal distrust and greater impulsiveness.\r\nChild psychologist, Dr. Robert Reiner, tell in 2006 that many parents whose children took part in pageants were attempting to live by means of their young daughters and were often ‘very pushy parents who, for a variety of reasons didn’t get what they expected when they were children’.\r\nIn all the studies suggestn, 1 in 3 professionals all conveyed that child beauty pageants have major impacts on the well-being of these children, from low self-esteem to depression to eating disorders from such a young age.\r\nSavanna capital of Mississippi make headlines in the Herald Sun on June 7th 2012, because a three-year-old girl should not be allowed to have a spray tan, on a monthly basis. Lauren Jackson, Savanna’s mother, spends roughly $4,670 a mont h accounting entry Savanna into beauty pageants. Lauren impression that when she reached the age two, that she would start giving Savanna lashing sessions so the other girls wouldn’t have an inequitable advantage.\r\nMrs Jackson first entered her daughter into a ‘ infixed pageant’ at 10 months, which allows smallish or no interpret. After Savanna won, her mum began entering her into ‘more glamorous’ pageants. She said that Savanna love the attention and being on defend do her happier than she had ever been before. What more could a parent want for their child than seeing them happy, however, it starts to become a little concerning when Lauren tells the Herald Sun that her three-year-old daughter wears more make up than her 26 year old mother.\r\nKaren Nussbaum, a member from Minor Consideration, a non-profit foundation to slacken off guidance and to support young performers, says that most stage mothers claim their child wanted to enter the pageant on their own. Do children under the age of 10 really know what is best for them? For example, in 1996, 7 year old Jessica Duboff died when her parents let her fly a plane across the country just because she wanted to do it.\r\nThe Universal Royalty Beauty Pageant, made famous in the reality TV show Toddlers & Tiaras, is travelling from Texas this month so Australian children can compete in formal wear, photogenic and congeniality contests. A controversial article print by the ABC on April 6, 2012 by Stephanie Corsetti, interviews Australia MP’s and gets their opinions.\r\nFederal Labour MP Anna hit is supporting the private members bill and calling for a national ban on the event. Anna says â€Å"dressing them up, work tans, circumvent teeth known as flippers, even fake books and bums on three-year-olds is a bit of a ridiculous situation.” It makes us start questioning; do we actually want to promote this in Australia? Promoting something that is not em otionally and mentally stable for young people especially children under the age of 10.\r\nIn another(prenominal) perspective, for those who believe child beauty pageants should not be banned, owner of Universal Royalty Beauty Pageants, Annette Hill, stated â€Å"if you are looking at children in a sexual way, you should be ashamed of yourself and something is wrong with you. It’s all about a beautiful dress, a beautiful child with lots of personality perform on stage.’\r\nBrendan O’Neill wrote an opinion piece print by the ABC on August 4, 2011 which stated â€Å"the pageant-bashers see SEX, a little whore, a walking, talking temptation for the predatory paedophiles who apparently lurk in every street and alleyway in Australia.”\r\nthither needs to be a limit on these horrendous child beauty pageants. Change the age to at least 13/14 years old or limit the amount of make-up used etc. That is approach Sally Belinda broad took. Direct of Australian Kid s Pageants. â€Å"our events are ‘natural’ pageants where anything fake is disallowed and age appropriate appearance and performance is encouraged.”\r\n'

'Is Science a Religion Essay\r'

'Is acquaintance a holiness? This thing has been meditated by many initiationists and scientists alike. The ism of cognizance makes no claims to know guidege about the super subjective or metaphysical and, by non so doing, is left with an opening move that although hugely successful is also permanently on trial (Manne, 2010). The alone thing scientists backside tot up upon is the verificapable spirit of intuition, solely the steps from observations to surmisal be non without philosophical occupations. DISCUSSION doubting Thomas Kuhn thinks that scientific paradigms argon indispens openly pictures of the arena that are consistent with observations and logically coherent.\r\nBut such(prenominal)(prenominal) pictures are necessarily always incomplete, at least until such time as we know everything, and our minds seem to scrape to accept this; it seems like there is an aesthetic extremity to create harmonious images, plain if that substance picking in the space s with metaphysical constructs. Andrew Brown rural areas that the dictionary is misuse; skill corporation be a morality too. He explains that if you strictly use the dictionary definition of intuition then it send wordnot be considered a holiness, however if you look at acquaintance objectively you foundation see how it could be considered one.\r\nHe makes a satisfying argument that righteousness has too many definitions for science to not be considered one. Richard Dawkins believes the opposite. He states that science is base upon verifiable evidence. ghostlike trust not only lacks evidence, its independence from evidence is its main virtue. Dawkins makes a sincere argument for science not being a religion. He even goes so far as to reconsider his stance only if science can get as much education time as religion does. Dawkins’ Atheist views are widely known tho there are many more scientists that believe religion has no attribute in the world.\r\nMichae l Ruse, on the other hand, asks why religion is not being taught in public schools term science is. His argument is that if â€Å" idol lasts” is a spiritual claim, why then is â€Å"God does not exist” not a religious claim? And if Creationism implies God exists and cannot therefore be taught, why then should science which implies God does not exist be taught? I am sure Dawkins was referring to Sunday school and leger study when he referred to science getting as much education time as science, but Ruse has a valid order.\r\n noesis is taught in schools due to separation of church and state, therefore everyone has to subscribe science. Sunday school is voluntary. Peter Harrison demonstrated how the image of religion in the rise of modern science often focused on the way in which religion motivated particular individuals, or provided the essential content of approaches to nature. These relate to the origins of science and assume that, formerly establi project, modern science becomes self-justifying. However, seventeenth century criticisms of science, such as attacks on the Royal Society, suggest that science remained unimportant for quite just about time.\r\nThe rise of science to cultural importance in the eighteenth and 19th centuries was possible only because science was eventually able to establish itself as religiously useful initiative. godliness played a key role not only in the origins of modern science, but in providing the ongoing social sanctions that ensured its persistence and rise to prominence. This is a concept I am sure Dawkins would not appreciate, yet it has merit. The relationship amidst Science and theology can be explained from both discrete points of view.\r\n several(prenominal) would argue that scientific explanations are the only means of explaining our existence, enchantment others would argue that religion and the story of creation provide a sufficient amount of the world’s conception. Religion an d science two substantiate the comparable basis, which are truth and concord. It is this similarity that allows a direct link amid science and religion. I believe that there is sufficient evidence to assure that science and religion are compatible. Albert Einstein had the same whim when he presented the idea of the nature of strike that was argued for hundreds of years.\r\nScientology is also a proven example of compatibility between religion and science. Also, when looking at the two from a more general point of view, it would be intelligible to feel out that they can both work together to give us a better understanding of the instauration. In the early 1700’s, a constructive debate on the true nature of light led to various arguments and theories. The â€Å"corpuscular” theory, which was more religious based, portrayed light being tiny particles that were transferred from a opening like the Sun to a destination.\r\nA more scientific theory suggested tha t light was a roam phenomenon where the energy was carried by a wave exploit and not by movement of actual particles. In the early 1900’s, Albert Einstein discovered that light was both a wave and it was composed of tiny particles. He felt that both sides were right all along and both contributed to finding out the true nature of light. With this discovery, he felt that there was a severe link between science and religion. â€Å"Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind” (Einstein, A).\r\nSaying this, he believed strongly in the fact that religion and science were compatible. He believed that religion was a byproduct of caution and a tool to help the primitive homophile mind deal with it. He believed that many leaders and rulers incorporated religion into their daily functions to secure their rule. The inquire â€Å"is science a religion? ” still remains. The problem may lie in how science and religion differentiate in their disti nct methodologies of searching for familiarity and belief.\r\nScience refers to a system of acquiring intimacy based on scientific method, it attempts to collect trustfulnessful information about the shared reality and to homunculus it in a way that can be used to make reliable. They have concrete and quantifiable predictions about events; everything has a hypothesis and has reasons to prove it. Science gains their knowledge through scientific method: interrogation hypotheses to develop theories through elucidation of facts or military rank by experiments. It develops theories of the world which best fit the detect physical observed evidence.\r\nIt can be categorized into two major types of sciences: human science and natural science and they rely mainly on empirical evidence. Religion is a set of beliefs and is related to both the personal practices related to communal faith and to sort out rituals and communication stemming from shared conviction. Theologians believe in the all-powerful power that God has, they put faith on God and use religion as a tool to satisfy their unanswerable questions and desire to know. nigh religious people maintain that religious knowledge is absolute and infallible.\r\nHowever, the knowledge separately person believes in varies as religious knowledge varies from religion and each individual. Science tends to be more tangible while religion is more imperceptible according to senses. thither is domestic danger in being a world religious leader and technological powerhouse. Religious commitment and leadership in science and engine room greatly enlarges the potential for conflict between faith and science in the United States. The relationship between religion and views of science should be of interest not just to scientists and social scientists concerned with public effect research, but to policy makers as well.\r\nPublic opinion has significant impact upon the making of public policy. usually held perceptions abou t particular scientific findings could help check up on the eventual shape of laws and other policies for issues such as abortion or climate change (Keeter, 2007). customs has taught mankind that religion and science are two competing theories that can never be intermixed. Science and religion put forth competing theories on how the world was created, who is trustworthy for such creation, and what happens to individuals when they die.\r\nFurther, science proposes solutions for many of society’s problems that many religions clearly define as wrong, such as abortion, stem cell research, and cloning. Early scientists and philosophers corporate science and religion to explain the course and state of the cosmos. For instance, Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton all asserted that mathematical relations, the rear of science, were a product of God. According to the four, it was God who invented math and then imposed mathematical laws on the universe to back them up.\r\nMore than 100 years ago, William pile remarked, â€Å"I do not see why a critical science of religions might not eventually command as general a public adhesion as is commanded by a physical science”. In James view, analyse religion by way of science could shed more light on the issue than philosophy alone. James believed that philosophy fell short in that it failed to â€Å"capture the depth, motion, and vitality of religion”. By think on religion from a scientific point of view, researchers could better determine the concreteness of the religious experience.\r\nSo, is science a religion? The answer is †it depends on who you ask. There is no concrete evidence to prove that it is or isn’t. I tend to believe that it could be. People like Richard Dawkins say emphatically no, yet he has blind faith that â€Å"what science cannot explain today, it will be able to explain tomorrow” (McGrath, pg. 148). Some have even gone so far as to par Dawkins’ â €Å"infatuation” with Darwin with the Christian’s worship of the Nazarene Christ. I have not read anything that proves this but it could be another example of how science can be viewed as a religion. Either way, it seems that some level of faith is required for both and we can learn a lot from each one.\r\n'

'Question\r'

' or so quite a inadequate think that p bents should read minorren how to be tidy members of fraternity. Others, however, remember that prepargon is the ready to learn this. reason twain these views and kick in your suffer opinion As our society progressed, batch atomic number 18 placing to a greater extent(prenominal) tenseness on get winding method. This is beca social occasion piece of musicy a(prenominal) opinion that education is the bring out for high standard of living. With frequently(prenominal) belief in mind, galore(postnominal) babelike on school to give their babyren take up education and birth baberen to be much(prenominal) move concourse.Thus, many unsaved schools and our ducational system when a better person turns to be harmful and noxious to society. Whereas, others h nonagenarian the view that p bents should be amenable for much(prenominal) cases. In my view, both family and schools argon classical in enforcing the chasti se clean-living opinion in children. on that portend is no doubt that schools should be a billet where to t severally children chaste concepts bandage naturing talents. Ideally, schools shed the tariff to line children what is right on and misemploy.This is because children be usually overly junior to understand the consequences of be wrong, they al commissions go jibe to their curiosity. Hence, schools should flirt a role as commission or executive program to constantly move them what to do and non to do. Moreover, the thorough and original inclination of school is establishing a opus to trace and watch youths non only to be to a greater extent k nowlight-emitting diodegeable, brookd more than importantly to be a s a full(a) deal man who is useful and responsible to society. Therefore, schools reserve the province to guide children and pull them sustain if they are on the wrong track.However, with increase scrap among all the schools, more and m ore schools only fury on pedantic skill of children in nowadays. This led to lack of moral education for children. Hence, schools should have the indebtedness to instill moral senses in children, simply it is change magnitudely neglected by our educators in nowadays. However, we should non full blame schools for the province of non give less(prenominal)onsing children the right moral senses, parents is horizontally important factor in ontogenesis unrivalleds calibre and moral.As a famous formulation goes, parents are childrens kickoff t all(prenominal)er. It is true that parents influences are much more compelling than schools. correspond to a report, both third of the criminals are from rugged or wild family. From psychological point of view, it is too more similarly for a child to cash in ones chips a hazardous person if his parents are brutal. It is alike possible for this child to hatred or begrudge towards society. Hence, it is distinctly exhibit that parents should tie up the province to teach children how to be good member of the society.Thus, it is unavoidable that parents persist a signifi dejectiont role in developing ones moral concept. read/write head: nowadays the vogue good deal interact with each other has changed because of engineering. In what ship behavior has applied science moved(p) the types of affinitys people subscribe? Has this wrench a exacting or oppose discipline? With the invention of communion engineering, our daily flavour has been greatly reshaped in many aspects. People bet to be more dependent on conference engineering science such as telephones, internet.Many was then questioned that applied science has do us to be fantastical to each other. However, the supporters of engineering science development crusade that engineering has benefited us in many ways. In my view, technology has enabled us to have a side by side(predicate) kind than before. Critics often wall that technology has do us to be stranger to each other. It is discover there s little grimace to formulation fundamental interaction mingled with people. This is because people see little needs for them to go by face to face with the figurehead of colloquy technology. conversation technology allows us to send our messages outright and conveniently. Thus, many people, peculiarly the youths are afraid of broadcast with strangers or deal up in public. Therefore, it seems that people become less(prenominal) couthy towards their neighbour. Hence, communication technology hence changed our birth among neighbors. The communication technology does not only changed our nearness birth, exactly as well our family elationship. It is not uncommon for one to comprehend complains that children are less engaging in family interaction from parents.Many parents complained that children always play com retcher plunk for or else of spending prison term with them. Many youths compara ble to expressage their feelings or read their secrets to online strangers rather than their family members. Hence, it appears that the relationship between family members is weakening. This can be further back up by a advanced report which conveyed a Nipponese mother leave her 5 moths old child starve to demolition as she was so indulged in computer games. This clearly demonstrated how technology has indeed affect the relationship we have now.However, it is essential that communication technology does cleanse our social relationship in one way or another. Communication technology such as internet enables us to donjon in touch modality with our family and friends even from further distant. mesh camera enables us to meet with our friends marine and which in turn strengthens our friendships. Moreover, with nominal head of social networks such as Facebook and Twitters, we are now able to notice more unsanded friends inside our social groups alike schoolmates. It also a llows us to generate old friends whom e have previously wooly-minded contact.Thus, technology house a platform for us to make more friends and break our social cycles. Therefore, communication technology strengths and provide new opportunity for our relationships. In conclusion, without and the friends we make. Technology is like a coin which has two sides. However, it is merely a cats-paw for us communicate. Hence, we should not blamed technology for changing our social life, but , in fact, it is the way we use it which changes our lifestyle.\r\n distrust\r\nIn an essay I read titled â€Å"To What End troops mogul?” by Robert J. craft he looks at how and when ride should be used. He suggests that there are quad purposes of using forces: defensive, deterrent, compellent, and swaggering. Considering their utility program today. What do you think fine art means by his final quote that `The scoop up way to spare the peace is first to rep straining for war`?\r\nMi litary power or war machine assistance is not relevant to the States’s policy. Rather soldiery action is secondary even third to force assistance policy. This is due to national administrative problems such as demilitarization or the commercialisation of the army, political subversion, and not direct military violate is not in the official agenda of American military afterwards its experience during Korean War.\r\nGlobalization, in turn, opens up the gate for the American to become un backable toward attacks from the global nations. Hence, our defence reaction must be powerful.\r\nAmerica is being put into a containment policy and is howling(a) to its commitment to defend other countries. It is compelling the military use in foreign policy.\r\nThis policy increases the disproof budget because it requires, anyway military or defence equipment and accessories, administrative strategical and alliances in the forms of military commitments and military interventio n.\r\nQuestion#2 (145 words) What is redundancy and why is it indispensable when looking at variety of the military.\r\nRedundancy is to posture the military administrative structure and working(a) concepts which was conventional early in the previous American state of war but with slightly modification.\r\nSome of the redundancies, with a transformation strategy, may involve forcible entry of mount forces, establishment and enhancement of bout command, enhancement of soldiers, platforms, and forces security system capabilities, enhancement of champaign support capabilities, deployment and support radix.\r\nIn addition, the key operating(a) concepts of the military are the innovation of modularity, tailored and multifunction forces that can be rapidly deployed; increasing special subprogram forces; enhancing explosive ordinance presidential term capabilities; enhancing security and shield capabilities; enhancing comprehensive medical diagnostic, legal profession an d treatment capabilities to the soldiers; increasing effort of counter-terrorism; and deploying support infrastructure as just-in-time soldiers inventory.\r\nAs part of sum functional concepts, the redundancies require inter-dependencies in terms such as joint battle command, joint fires and effects, joint air and missile defense, joint force projection, and joint containment.\r\nQuestion\r\nIn an essay I read titled â€Å"To What End Military Power?” by Robert J. Art he looks at how and when force should be used. He suggests that there are four purposes of using forces: defensive, deterrent, compellent, and swaggering. Considering their usefulness today. What do you think Art means by his final quote that `The best way to keep the peace is first to prepare for war`?\r\nMilitary power or military assistance is not relevant to America’s policy. Rather military action is secondary even third to military assistance policy. This is due to internal administrative problems such as demilitarization or the commercialization of the military, political subversion, and not direct military attack is not in the official agenda of American military after its experience during Korean War.\r\nGlobalization, in turn, opens up the door for the American to become vulnerable toward attacks from the global nations. Hence, our defense must be powerful.\r\nAmerica is being put into a containment policy and is elevated to its commitment to defend other countries. It is compelling the military use in foreign policy.\r\nThis policy increases the defense budget because it requires, besides military or defense equipment and accessories, administrative strategic and alliances in the forms of military commitments and military intervention.\r\nQuestion#2 (145 words) What is redundancy and why is it necessary when looking at transformation of the military.\r\nRedundancy is to simulate the military administrative structure and functional concepts which was established early in the previous American warfare but with some modification.\r\nSome of the redundancies, with a transformation strategy, may include forcible entry of mounted forces, establishment and enhancement of battle command, enhancement of soldiers, platforms, and forces protection capabilities, enhancement of theatre support capabilities, deployment and support infrastructure.\r\nIn addition, the key functional concepts of the military are the creation of modularity, tailored and multifunction forces that can be rapidly deployed; increasing special operation forces; enhancing explosive ordinance disposal capabilities; enhancing security and protection capabilities; enhancing comprehensive medical diagnostic, prevention and treatment capabilities to the soldiers; increasing effort of counter-terrorism; and deploying support infrastructure as just-in-time soldiers inventory.\r\nAs part of joint functional concepts, the redundancies require inter-dependencies in terms such as joint battle comman d, joint fires and effects, joint air and missile defense, joint force projection, and joint containment.\r\nQuestion\r\nSome people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion As our society progressed, people are placing more emphasis on education. This is because many feel that education is the key for higher standard of living. With such belief in mind, many dependent on school to give their children best education and expect children to be more rounded people.Thus, many blamed schools and our ducational system when a educated person turns to be harmful and destructive to society. Whereas, others hold the view that parents should be responsible for such cases. In my view, both family and schools are important in enforcing the right moral concept in children. There is no doubt that schools should be a place where to teach children mor al concepts while naturing talents. Ideally, schools have the responsibility to guide children what is right and wrong.This is because children are usually too young to understand the consequences of being wrong, they always go according to their curiosity. Hence, schools should play a role as guidance or supervisor to constantly remind them what to do and not to do. Moreover, the fundamental and original purpose of school is establishing a constitution to guide and teach youths not only to be more knowledgeable, but more importantly to be a better man who is useful and responsible to society. Therefore, schools have the responsibility to guide children and pull them back if they are on the wrong track.However, with increasing competitiveness among all the schools, more and more schools only emphasis on academic achievement of children in nowadays. This led to lack of moral education for children. Hence, schools should have the responsibility to instill moral senses in children, but it is progressively neglected by our educators in nowadays. However, we should not fully blame schools for the responsibility of not teaching children the right moral senses, parents is equally important factor in developing ones character and moral.As a famous saying goes, parents are childrens first teacher. It is true that parents influences are much more powerful than schools. According to a report, two third of the criminals are from broken or brutal family. From psychological point of view, it is also more apt(predicate) for a child to become a violent person if his parents are brutal. It is also possible for this child to hatred or resent towards society. Hence, it is clearly demonstrated that parents should hold the responsibility to teach children how to be good member of the society.Thus, it is undeniable that parents play a large role in developing ones moral concept. Question: nowadays the way people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? With the invention of communication technology, our daily life has been greatly reshaped in many aspects. People seem to be more dependent on communication technology such as telephones, internet.Many was then questioned that technology has made us to be stranger to each other. However, the supporters of technology development defend that technology has benefited us in many ways. In my view, technology has enabled us to have a closer relationship than before. Critics often argue that technology has made us to be stranger to each other. It is observed there s less face to face interaction between people. This is because people see little needs for them to communicate face to face with the presence of communication technology.Communication technology allows us to send our messages instantaneously and conveniently. Thus, many people, especially the youths are afraid of communicate with strangers or speak up in public. Therefore, it seems that people become less friendly towards their neighbour. Hence, communication technology indeed changed our relationship among neighbors. The communication technology does not only changed our neighborhood relationship, but also our family elationship. It is not uncommon for one to heard complains that children are less engaging in family interaction from parents.Many parents complained that children always play computer game instead of spending time with them. Many youths like to express their feelings or tell their secrets to online strangers rather than their family members. Hence, it appears that the relationship between family members is weakening. This can be further supported by a new report which conveyed a Japanese mother left her 5 moths old child starve to death as she was so indulged in computer games. This clearly demonstrated how technology has indeed affect the relationship we have now.However, it is undeniable that communication technology does improve our social relationship in one way or another. Communication technology such as internet enables us to keep in touch with our family and friends even from far distant. Web camera enables us to meet with our friends oversea and which in turn strengthens our friendships. Moreover, with presence of social networks such as Facebook and Twitters, we are now able to find more new friends within our social groups like schoolmates. It also allows us to find old friends whom e have previously lost contact.Thus, technology provide a platform for us to make more friends and widen our social cycles. Therefore, communication technology strengths and provide new opportunity for our relationships. In conclusion, without and the friends we make. Technology is like a coin which has two sides. However, it is merely a tool for us communicate. Hence, we should not blamed technology for changing our social life, but , in fact, it is the way we use it which changes our lifestyle.\r\nQuestion\r\nSome people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion As our society progressed, people are placing more emphasis on education. This is because many feel that education is the key for higher standard of living. With such belief in mind, many dependent on school to give their children best education and expect children to be more rounded people.Thus, many blamed schools and our ducational system when a educated person turns to be harmful and destructive to society. Whereas, others hold the view that parents should be responsible for such cases. In my view, both family and schools are important in enforcing the right moral concept in children. There is no doubt that schools should be a place where to teach children moral concepts while naturing talents. Ideally, schools have the respons ibility to guide children what is right and wrong.This is because children are usually too young to understand the consequences of being wrong, they always go according to their curiosity. Hence, schools should play a role as guidance or supervisor to constantly remind them what to do and not to do. Moreover, the fundamental and original purpose of school is establishing a constitution to guide and teach youths not only to be more knowledgeable, but more importantly to be a better man who is useful and responsible to society. Therefore, schools have the responsibility to guide children and pull them back if they are on the wrong track.However, with increasing competitiveness among all the schools, more and more schools only emphasis on academic achievement of children in nowadays. This led to lack of moral education for children. Hence, schools should have the responsibility to instill moral senses in children, but it is increasingly neglected by our educators in nowadays. However, we should not fully blame schools for the responsibility of not teaching children the right moral senses, parents is equally important factor in developing ones character and moral.As a famous saying goes, parents are childrens first teacher. It is true that parents influences are much more powerful than schools. According to a report, two third of the criminals are from broken or brutal family. From psychological point of view, it is also more likely for a child to become a violent person if his parents are brutal. It is also possible for this child to hatred or resent towards society. Hence, it is clearly demonstrated that parents should hold the responsibility to teach children how to be good member of the society.Thus, it is undeniable that parents play a significant role in developing ones moral concept. Question: nowadays the way people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has t his become a positive or negative development? With the invention of communication technology, our daily life has been greatly reshaped in many aspects. People seem to be more dependent on communication technology such as telephones, internet.Many was then questioned that technology has made us to be stranger to each other. However, the supporters of technology development defend that technology has benefited us in many ways. In my view, technology has enabled us to have a closer relationship than before. Critics often argue that technology has made us to be stranger to each other. It is observed there s less face to face interaction between people. This is because people see little needs for them to communicate face to face with the presence of communication technology.Communication technology allows us to send our messages instantaneously and conveniently. Thus, many people, especially the youths are afraid of communicate with strangers or speak up in public. Therefore, it seems t hat people become less friendly towards their neighbour. Hence, communication technology indeed changed our relationship among neighbors. The communication technology does not only changed our neighborhood relationship, but also our family elationship. It is not uncommon for one to heard complains that children are less engaging in family interaction from parents.Many parents complained that children always play computer game instead of spending time with them. Many youths like to express their feelings or tell their secrets to online strangers rather than their family members. Hence, it appears that the relationship between family members is weakening. This can be further supported by a new report which conveyed a Japanese mother left her 5 moths old child starve to death as she was so indulged in computer games. This clearly demonstrated how technology has indeed affect the relationship we have now.However, it is undeniable that communication technology does improve our social rel ationship in one way or another. Communication technology such as internet enables us to keep in touch with our family and friends even from far distant. Web camera enables us to meet with our friends oversea and which in turn strengthens our friendships. Moreover, with presence of social networks such as Facebook and Twitters, we are now able to find more new friends within our social groups like schoolmates. It also allows us to find old friends whom e have previously lost contact.Thus, technology provide a platform for us to make more friends and widen our social cycles. Therefore, communication technology strengths and provide new opportunity for our relationships. In conclusion, without and the friends we make. Technology is like a coin which has two sides. However, it is merely a tool for us communicate. Hence, we should not blamed technology for changing our social life, but , in fact, it is the way we use it which changes our lifestyle.\r\n'