A Comparison Of Concrete Steel And Timber Construction Essay

A par Of Concrete leaf blade And tone Construction EssayComposite pull is a method whereby a cover floor slab is utilised as part of the beam system. The slab acts as a concrete flange to the beam. As the beam and slab ar of different materials, the size of the concrete flange is scurfy down using a modular ratio where the youngs modulus of steel is change integrity by the youngs modulus of concrete. When these dickens elements bend, the make of each element is in capsule and the bottom in tension. Because the bottom of the concrete is in tension of the top of steel is in compression this causes shear along the interface of the two materials. To vote down this a steel cluster is welded through the metal deck. The stud is designed to take the shear force.The composite system consists of a concrete slab cast on profiled steel decking acting compositely with glue-laminated whole step beams. Composite transaction is achieved with coach screw shear connectors between the beams and slab. The connectors have been tested in push out shear tests and a three-point bend test of a full-scale floor slab has been completed. The composite system is more than three propagation as stiff and almost twice as strong as the same beam/slab configuration without composite action. Richard Persaud, Dr Digby Symons The Structural Engineer 21 February 2006Euro codes be a full set of structural design codes for make and civil engineering that used across Europe to open up trade boundaries allowing designers, and manufacturers to supply designs and products to caster(a) countries across the continent. Conceived over 30 days ago, the Eurocodes be now landing on the desks of engineers, and are expected to be fully espouseed in 2010. For this reason, the Eurocodes were used for the design comparisons.In 2004, The Steel Construction Institute published a hire comparing the cost and edifice programme of various methods of steelwork and concrete framing bases that re flect groundbreaking construction techniques to determine which is the most cost effective. The study looked at two types of buildings, costing and programming each of them. The study also looked at other aspects of the building, which can be affected by the choice of framing solution such as foundations, external elevation treatments and mechanical/electrical services. The study was motivated by the Egan depict, which looked at the construction industry and how to lower costs. The report encourages offsite construction to improve speed and quality on site.People are starting to use corner planting as a modality of offsetting carbon emissions. This is because of trees absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. bingle of the problems is that once a tree reaches maturity it stops absorbing CO2, then the next problem is when it dies and decays it starts to lay off CO2 back into the atmosphere. One solution round this is to store the carbon in materials, by using the feel as a construction material.The way in which timber is used us also spot in reducing CO2 emissions. Timber should be dried earlier it can be used as a material, and it must be. One method is by kiln drying. Kiln drying is an artificial method of drying the timber by alter it up and in turn using fossil fuels, emitting CO2. This defeats the point of the object. The sustainable alternative is to allow the timber to dry naturally under cover.The deification situation would be for people to use natural unaltered timber and design buildings within its limitations. However, due to human nature and the endeavour to improve, we are going to build higher and wider buildings that are filled with more objects and less supports. For this reason, we must come up with more innovative and sustainable solutions to overcome these challenges. We must harness timbers ability to lock CO2 into its structure and adopt methods to manipulate its properties. One of these engineered lumbers is Glue Lamina ted Timber, commonly abbreviated to Glulam in the industry.Timber in the UK as a building material is widely used, moreover not so much as for major building components such as beams and columns. In our history, we used to use great oak timbers for roofs and beams, scarce due to time it takes to grow these massive timbers, it was not long until pray outstripped supply. Moving into the 21st Century with the use of high strength glues, we are able to utilise fast growing tree species and mechanically bonded the timbers to form sizes and strengths that rival the oak timbers. These mechanically glued timbers are referred to as glued Laminated Timber, which has been abbreviated to Glulam.In sustainability, the social impact on an area cannot be discussed without also discussing the environment and economics. The introduction of an industry can create an economic wealth for the local population that can lift certain areas out of poverty. This can be balanced against the environmental impact on the are by such industries. Industries can create noise and vibration, dust, local climate, ecology, soils, heritage, and archeology as a by-product of the manufacturing process.Initially I thought that the timber would have a great profoundness of construction as compared to steel. The abstruseness of steel beams were indeed shallower than the timber beams but because the steel beams require a concrete slab needs to span from beam to beam, the overall construction depth of the steel beam plus the slab is only marginally shallower than the overall timber floor construction. The shallowest overall floor construction is of the concrete flat slab because you do not require a beam as such the slabs span directly to the columns.